Software engineering is a hot field right now. Research shows it ranks among the most desired professions in the UK, alongside solicitors and accountants. So, how do you break into this world? What skills do you need? Let’s dive in.
How to Get Started
Most people enter software engineering with a degree in Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, or Information Technology. These programs teach coding and software design, which are crucial for landing a job. You’ll also find that degrees in Mathematics and Physics are valuable due to their analytical nature.
However, the landscape is changing. Many now enter the field through non-traditional routes like apprenticeships, training programs, or bootcamps. Bootcamps are short, intensive courses lasting 8-16 weeks. While they can be pricey, they can also help you get your foot in the door. Some individuals go the self-taught route or take affordable online courses through platforms like Udemy. Just know that breaking in this way can be tougher.
Career Opportunities
The variety of roles in software engineering is impressive. Titles can vary—coder, software engineer, software developer—and while they overlap, there are distinctions. Coders focus primarily on writing code, while developers might handle the entire application process, including design. Software engineers usually oversee full lifecycle projects, from design to maintenance.
You’ll also see specialized roles like front-end developer, back-end engineer, mobile engineer, and more.
The Impact of AI
Artificial intelligence is changing the game, but software engineers have been adapting longer than most other fields. Tools powered by AI can assist with coding tasks, testing, and debugging, which speeds up workflows. However, caution is still necessary. Most developers don’t consider themselves AI experts yet, and human oversight remains crucial. While AI skills aren’t strict requirements for most roles, they’re increasingly beneficial—especially aligned with languages like Python, Rust, and Go.
In-Demand Skills
Python tops the list of sought-after skills, followed closely by Java and JavaScript. Companies often prefer Python for new projects due to its ease of use and compatibility with AI. Full-stack developers, who know both front-end and back-end languages, are also in high demand. Proficiency in DevOps principles, using tools like Docker and Kubernetes, is becoming essential. Skills in cloud engineering, especially with platforms like Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud, are frequently requested.
Soft Skills Matter
While technical skills are a must, soft skills play a vital role too. A good software engineer pays attention to detail and works methodically. Creative problem-solving is essential, along with strong interpersonal skills to communicate effectively with team members and stakeholders. Collaboration is key, and early on, asking questions is crucial for development. Some companies even use a ‘pair programming’ approach, pairing junior and senior developers to enhance learning and improve code quality.
Earnings Potential
Software engineering generally pays well. Entry-level positions typically start at £30,000 to £35,000, while experienced professionals can earn between £60,000 and £90,000. Senior roles, especially in cities like London, can exceed £100,000 annually, particularly in high-paying industries like finance and gaming.
Contracting can lead to even higher pay than permanent roles. While many start in permanent positions, many aim to transition into contracting after gaining experience—sometimes earning up to £1,000 a day. The specifics can change depending on whether a role falls inside or outside IR35, affecting tax status and pay.
Diversity in the Field
Software engineering teams are often multicultural, with talents hailing from all around the globe. Historically male-dominated, the industry is seeing a year-on-year increase in female candidates, which is promising.
Career Pathways
The beauty of software engineering is that your career path is in your own hands. Some might be happy writing code indefinitely, while others may climb the ranks into leadership roles like Head of Engineering or transition into areas like cybersecurity or data. The opportunities are vast.
Emmanuel Sackey and Morgan Fox from Harvey Nash can provide further insights into this dynamic field.